SMRs for Defense & Space (E.O. 13972)

Summary

Encourages the use of small, modern nuclear reactors to power military bases and support missions to the Moon and Mars.

What problem does this solve?

The U.S. military relies on civilian power grids that can be vulnerable, and space missions require powerful, long-lasting energy sources. This order promotes small, portable nuclear reactors to provide secure energy for military bases and enable deep space exploration.

What does this order do?

Demonstrates micro-reactors on military bases

Requires the Secretary of Defense to create a plan to test a small, licensed nuclear reactor at a U.S. military base to see if it is effective and saves money.

Defines NASA's future nuclear power needs

Directs the head of NASA to figure out what kind of nuclear energy systems will be needed for space missions, both with robots and humans, up to the year 2040.

Develops a domestic supply of advanced nuclear fuel

Orders the Secretary of Energy to finish a project demonstrating a U.S. technology that can produce the special uranium fuel (HALEU) needed for many new reactors.

Creates a common technology roadmap

Requires several government agencies, including Defense, Energy, and NASA, to work together on a plan through 2030 for developing nuclear technology for both Earth and space.

Studies military use of nuclear power

Tells the Department of Defense to study how nuclear reactors can power future military needs in space and to build a test version of a transportable micro-reactor.

Who does this affect?

U.S. Department of Defense
NASA and the space exploration industry
The nuclear energy industry

What is the real world impact?

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Strengthens national security and energy independence

Reduces the military's dependence on civilian electrical grids, which can be targets for attack or fail during disasters. This ensures military bases have a constant, reliable power source.

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Advances U.S. leadership in space

Provides the power needed for long-term missions on the Moon and Mars, including supporting human habitats and deep space travel. This helps the U.S. stay ahead of other countries in space technology.

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Boosts the domestic nuclear industry

Creates government demand for new reactor technologies and nuclear fuel. This supports American companies that design, build, and supply the nuclear energy sector.

When does this start?

This order became effective on January 5, 2021, and sets several deadlines for federal agencies to complete specific actions.

Micro-reactor demonstration plan

By July 4, 2021 (180 days from the order), the Secretary of Defense must establish a plan to demonstrate a micro-reactor at a military installation.

NASA nuclear energy requirements

By July 4, 2021 (180 days from the order), the NASA Administrator must define the agency's needs for nuclear energy systems for missions through 2040.

Common technology roadmap

Key agency heads must submit a technology roadmap for nuclear development through 2030 before their next budget proposals are submitted.