ICT Supply Chain Security (E.O. 13873)

Summary

Stops the use of communication technology from foreign enemies to protect America's national security, economy, and important systems.

What problem does this solve?

Foreign enemies are creating and using weaknesses in communication technology to spy on and harm the United States. This order gives the government power to block any deals involving technology from these foreign enemies if it is found to be a threat.

What does this order do?

Declares a national emergency

Finds that threats from foreign adversaries in the technology supply chain are an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.

Prohibits risky technology transactions

Bans any dealing in or use of communication technology or services from a foreign adversary if it is determined to pose a risk to U.S. national security or the safety of its citizens.

Grants authority to the Secretary of Commerce

Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce, after talking with other agency heads, to enforce these prohibitions and create rules to identify which transactions and foreign groups are a threat.

Requires regular threat assessments

Directs the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of Homeland Security to regularly assess and report on threats and weaknesses in the U.S. technology supply chain.

Defines 'foreign adversary'

Specifies that a 'foreign adversary' is any foreign government or person involved in long-term or serious actions that are harmful to U.S. national security or the safety of its people.

Who does this affect?

U.S. technology and communications companies
Foreign technology manufacturers and service providers
U.S. consumers of technology products

What is the real world impact?

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Protects national security from foreign threats

Prevents foreign adversaries from using technology to spy on Americans or attack critical systems like the power grid and emergency services. This helps keep sensitive information and essential services safe from outside interference.

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Creates a tool for trade and economic pressure

Allows the government to block technology from specific countries. This power could be used to gain an advantage in trade talks or to punish other countries for economic reasons, not just for clear security threats.

When does this start?

This order became effective on May 15, 2019, and sets several deadlines for government agencies to take action.

Rules for implementation

The Secretary of Commerce must publish rules to carry out this order within 150 days of May 15, 2019.

Initial threat assessment

The Director of National Intelligence must complete an initial assessment of threats within 40 days of the order.

Initial vulnerability assessment

The Secretary of Homeland Security must produce an assessment of vulnerabilities within 80 days of the order.

Annual assessments

The Director of National Intelligence, Secretary of Homeland Security, and Secretary of Commerce must produce updated assessments and reports at least once a year.