Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and NDAA for FY 2025 - Detailed breakdown

Grants special trial counsel discretionary authority over the standalone offense of sexual harassment that occurred between January 26, 2022, and January 1, 2025.

Amends the Uniform Code of Military Justice to remove marriage as a defense to certain sexual offenses (Article 120b).

Requires military commands to periodically notify victims of domestic violence-related offenses, or their legal counsel upon request, about the status of their case.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to analyze modifying the Uniform Code of Military Justice to prohibit the distribution of digitally manipulated intimate images without consent.

Prohibits the Secretary of Defense from entering into contracts for online tutoring services that could result in the personal data of U.S. citizens being transferred to the control of the People's Republic of China.

Establishes that supporting counterdrug activities affecting the flow of drugs into the United States is the principal foreign counterdrug program priority for the Department of Defense.

Mandates an update to the DoD's policy on protecting biometric data, including standards for encryption, data sanitization from devices, and record-keeping for disposal.

Grants special agents of the Army Counterintelligence Command the authority to execute warrants and make arrests for a four-year period.

Directs the Secretary of State to support security and rule of law in the Western Hemisphere through collaboration with democratic partners on defense, law enforcement, and anti-corruption efforts.

Creates a nationwide initiative to align Federal, State, and local entities to combat online child sexual exploitation and abuse.

Allows for verified electronic notification as an alternative to registered or certified mail for notifying law enforcement of certain firearm transfers.

Directs the Comptroller General to study the vulnerability of the national airspace system to disruptions exploiting the electromagnetic spectrum and communications systems.

Requires a government-wide study on creating a security assessment process for spaces adjacent to high-security federal leased properties before entering into lease agreements.

Mandates the establishment of a centralized operations support center for security and information sharing along the northern border of the United States within one year.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to develop a strategy for robust intelligence sharing with law enforcement regarding synthetic opioid precursor chemicals from China and other countries.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to conduct an assessment and report to Congress on the threats posed to the United States and its citizens by the terrorist group ISIS-Khorasan.

Mandates the Director of National Intelligence to assess national security impacts of visa-free travel in the Western Hemisphere by nationals from countries like Russia, China, and Iran.

Requires the CIA Director to submit an intelligence assessment on the transnational criminal organization Tren de Aragua, covering its leaders, structure, and illicit activities.

Expresses the sense of Congress that ransomware threats to critical infrastructure should be a national intelligence priority and requires a report on the national security implications of this threat.

Requires the Secretary of State to designate a senior official for crisis management, conduct annual crisis simulations, update training, and establish a lessons-learned clearinghouse for international crises.

Requires the Secretary of State to issue standards and policies to protect official electronic devices from foreign commercial spyware and to notify Congress of any serious compromises.

Authorizes the Secretary of State to investigate transnational human trafficking violations where part of the offense occurred outside the U.S. or involved foreign nationals. This authority sunsets in three years.

Requires the Secretary of State to notify congressional leadership within 8 days after a possible Serious Security Incident has been identified by the Department.

Amends the Robert Levinson Act to improve support for hostage families, enhance travel advisories, and establish timelines for determining if a U.S. national is wrongfully detained abroad.

Amends the State Department's Rewards for Justice program to authorize rewards for information leading to the seizure or repatriation of stolen assets linked to foreign government corruption.

Authorizes the Secretary of State to establish an initiative in select countries to improve the seizure and destruction of precursor chemicals used to produce illicit drugs like fentanyl.

Creates a council to identify, evaluate, and coordinate research on economic competition activities like coercion and manipulation that undermine U.S. national defense strategy. The council terminates in 2035.

Directs the Secretary of the Navy to contract for a targeted campaign to educate and recruit potential workers for careers in the maritime sector, including the Merchant Marine and shipbuilding industry.

Prohibits the sale of fresh or chilled garlic originating from or processed in the People's Republic of China at any military commissary store, effective January 1, 2026.

Permits nontraditional defense contractors to submit recent prices paid instead of full cost or pricing data for subcontracts under $5,000,000, simplifying the process.

Extends the temporary authority to modify certain contracts to account for the effects of inflation by one year, to December 31, 2025.

Establishes a pilot program allowing military research and educational institutions to participate in the Department of Defense's Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program until September 30, 2025.

Creates a pilot program for the Department of Defense to calculate its SBIR and STTR program budgets based on a two-year average of its RDT&E extramural budget, terminating September 30, 2025.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to establish a pilot program to streamline access for small businesses and higher education institutions to shared classified commercial infrastructure.

Mandates that Department of Defense contract notices for small businesses be written in a clear, concise, and easily understandable manner.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop a Small Business Bill of Rights to ensure conflicts between the DoD and small businesses are resolved expeditiously.

Directs the DoD to establish a process to track the number and value of awards to small businesses and nontraditional defense contractors using other transaction authority.

Authorizes the Office of Strategic Capital to carry out a pilot program providing loans and loan guarantees to support defense investment in the industrial base for critical technologies.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to establish a forum, chaired by the Director of the Office of Strategic Capital, to connect private capital with national security interests.

Expanding the authority for federal agencies to enter into cooperative research and development agreements to include partnerships with governments of U.S. territories.

Directs the Secretary of Transportation to commission an independent study on the business practices of the Shanghai Shipping Exchange and its potential to manipulate freight markets.

Establishes new eligibility requirements for purchasing federally auctioned vessels, including proof of liability insurance and sufficient financial resources for maintenance.

Applies 'Buy America' provisions from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act to funds obligated for the shipyard modernization and improvement program.

Directs the Secretary of State to promote digitalization and cybersecurity in the Western Hemisphere by expanding access to secure ICT, advancing e-government services, and developing cybersecurity partnerships.

Directs the Secretary of State to support economic improvement in the Western Hemisphere by facilitating a competitive environment for U.S. businesses and promoting transparent infrastructure projects.

Directs the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to initiate competitive bidding within 18 months to grant licenses for spectrum in the AWS–3 bands.

Extends the moratorium on certain safety regulations for commercial human spaceflight from 2025 to 2028.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to conduct an assessment and report to Congress on the current status of the People's Republic of China's biotechnology capabilities.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to report on the plans and intentions of the People's Republic of China to evade U.S. transparency, sanctions, and national security regulations.

Amends the National Security Act to include counterintelligence in the analysis of foreign investment and expands the definition of 'investment' to include telecommunications services sector assessments.

Prohibits the Department of State from using federal funds to procure solar energy products manufactured in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China or other regions known for forced labor.

Extends the authorization for the Department of State to support United States participation in international fairs and expos through fiscal year 2027.

Extends the sunset date for the Global Research Watch Program from September 30, 2025, to September 30, 2035.

Formally establishes the Laboratory Quality Enhancement Program in law, creating panels to review and recommend improvements for Department of Defense science and technology laboratories.

Directs the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to establish an initiative to evaluate concepts and prototypes needed to develop a utility-scale quantum computing capability for the DoD.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to expand the availability of the Digital On-Demand Program, which provides education on AI and emerging technologies, to all DoD personnel and promote it department-wide.

Establishes a five-year pilot program, through public-private partnerships, to develop use cases and demonstrations of artificial intelligence for national security-related biotechnology applications.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to review the ANSI/HFES Standard 400-2021 to determine how to incorporate human readiness levels into DoD procedures to align with technology readiness levels.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a comprehensive biotechnology roadmap outlining strategic objectives, goals, development needs, funding, and workforce plans. The roadmap is to be updated biennially.

Requires local educational agencies receiving federal funds to provide military recruiters the same access to secondary school campuses as is provided to prospective employers or colleges.

Amends existing law to authorize the establishment of Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) units at Job Corps centers.

Modifies the minimum number of participating students required to establish or maintain a JROTC unit, setting different thresholds for schools based on total enrollment.

Mandates the maintenance of a prioritized waiting list for secondary educational institutions that have requested a JROTC unit, with priority factors to be established.

Increases the minimum number of JROTC units to be supported from 3,400 to 3,500 and the maximum from 4,000 to 4,100, effective October 1, 2026.

Increases the number of foreign students that can be permitted to receive instruction at a Service Academy from 60 to 80.

Requires that any distance education program for Phase I or Phase II professional military education include a pathway for reserve component members to complete it without in-person attendance.

Authorizes a pilot program for enlisted personnel of the Army and Navy to enroll in a master’s degree program at the Naval Postgraduate School.

Extends the Troops-to-Teachers Program through 2029 and adjusts the participant limit from 5,000 to 3,000.

Revises the requirements for school advisory committees at Department of Defense domestic dependent schools, including membership composition and election procedures.

Allows dependents of service members who died in certain combat-related operations, terrorist attacks, or peacekeeping missions to enroll in DoD domestic schools.

Expands eligibility for virtual education programs operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity (DODEA) to include home-schooled military dependents.

Authorizes the Department of Defense to administer school meal programs, including breakfast programs, at its domestic and overseas dependent schools.

Creates a program allowing dependents of active-duty members to enroll in select domestic DODEA schools on a space-available basis, regardless of their on-base residence status.

Extends the requirement for Department of Defense Education Activity schools to maintain maximum student-to-teacher ratios through the 2029-2030 academic year.

Expands eligibility for enrollment in the defense dependents' education system to include children of foreign military members assigned to the United Nations Command in South Korea or Japan.

Mandates that teachers in Department of Defense Education Activity (DODEA) 21st century schools receive specialized training to effectively teach in modern school environments.

Requires elementary schools operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity to notify parents if their child is not proficient in reading or language arts by the end of third grade.

Creates a training program with deployable teams to provide coaching and intermittent lessons to DoD personnel and contractors during acquisition and sustainment efforts.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to submit annual reports through 2029 on the Postsecondary Education Complaint System, detailing complaint data and trends.

Excluding oceanographic research vessels operated by academic institutions from certain domestic sourcing requirements under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.

Increases the maximum amount for a minor military construction project under the defense laboratory modernization program from $1,000,000 to $4,000,000.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to partner with nonprofit organizations to design, construct, and maintain a Naval Innovation Center at the Naval Postgraduate School.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to update an assessment of the capacity and condition of public schools on military bases and the Comptroller General to evaluate the associated program.

Allows State maritime academies to offer an expedited merchant marine officer preparation program for veterans and service members with a baccalaureate degree.

Establishes a procedure for a state's other Senator to nominate Merchant Marine cadets if the primary Senator cannot due to death, resignation, or expulsion after the nomination deadline.

Authorizes the President of the National Intelligence University to accept qualifying research grants from federal agencies and certain scientific, literary, or educational entities.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to establish a pilot program to develop a skilled workforce in geospatial technologies to support defense intelligence needs, terminating on September 30, 2030.

Grants copyright ownership to civilian faculty at certain federal institutions, such as military academies and the National Intelligence University, for their scholarly works, while allowing the government to retain a license.

Encourages the Secretary of State and USAID to strengthen partnerships and educational exchanges with Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) to build capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Reauthorizes the Reinforcing Education Accountability in Development (READ) Act by extending its provisions through December 31, 2025.

Extends the deadline from 2027 to 2032 for establishing a schedule of 'black start' exercises to assess the energy resilience and security of military installations.

Repeals the limitation on the Department of Defense's procurement of drop-in fuels and establishes a new annual reporting requirement for any such purchases not cost-competitive with traditional fuels.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to enhance efforts to manage, control, and interdict the invasive coconut rhinoceros beetle on military installations in Hawaii.

Amends the preference for sourcing strategic and critical materials to include those derived from recycled or reused minerals or metals.

Amends requirements for installation energy plans at European bases to reduce reliance on Russian energy and restricts travel funds for the Secretary's office until plans are submitted.

Authorizing the Department of Defense to use in-kind royalty natural gas from leases on the McAlester Army Ammunition Plant in Oklahoma to meet the plant's energy needs.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to carry out Energy Resilience and Conservation Investment Program (ERCIP) projects at specified military installations inside and outside the United States.

Authorizes the military to carry out projects for shoreline erosion control and water resilience on or related to military installations, in addition to existing stormwater management authority.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to transfer property at the former Mare Island Naval Shipyard to the City of Vallejo, California, with an agreement to defer environmental cleanup until after the transfer.

Directs the Army to complete environmental cleanup studies and transfer a 15-acre shoreline property at a former Oakland installation to the East Bay Regional Park District.

Creates an expedited 270-day review and decision process for certain amended license applications for natural gas deepwater ports that were initially submitted before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Establishes a charitable, nonprofit corporation to provide grants for the responsible management of protected and conserved areas in eligible countries with high biodiversity.

Reauthorizes several wildlife conservation acts, including those for fish, elephants, tigers, great apes, and marine turtles, through fiscal year 2029.

Authorizes the Secretary to award multiyear grants of up to 5 years for effective, long-term conservation strategies for African elephants and their habitats.

Amends the Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997 to allow the Secretary to award multiyear grants of up to 5 years for long-term conservation strategies.

Extends the authorization of appropriations through fiscal year 2029 for the Asian Elephant, Rhinoceros and Tiger, Great Ape, and Marine Turtle Conservation Acts.

Reauthorizes and amends the Upper Colorado and San Juan River Basins endangered and threatened fish recovery programs, extending them through fiscal year 2031.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to develop a strategy to improve information sharing between the government and private entities to mitigate foreign adversary threats to critical mineral projects.

The Act is organized into seven divisions: Department of Defense Authorizations, Military Construction, Department of Energy, Funding Tables, Other Matters, Intelligence, and Department of State.

Expands personnel management authority to recruit experts in finance and investment for the Office of Strategic Capital and increases the number of expert positions in other defense offices.

Requires the appointment of a Chief Digital Engineering Recruitment and Management Officer to define, identify, and plan for the artificial intelligence workforce of the Department of Defense.

Requires annual reviews of a sample of research grants awarded by DoD components to ensure compliance with departmental policies, starting by March 30, 2025.

Authorizes a program for the temporary assignment of employees from the Office of Strategic Capital to private-sector organizations like venture capital firms to gain industry-specific knowledge.

Requires a pilot program to assess using AI-enabled software to optimize workflow and operations for DoD depots, shipyards, manufacturing facilities, and contract administration.

Prohibits the use of funds to finalize or implement the proposed Federal Acquisition Regulation rule related to minimizing the risk of climate change in federal acquisitions.

Requires final decisions of military administrative review boards to be made publicly available in electronic form on a centralized website, with personal information redacted, effective October 1, 2026.

Prohibits any funds authorized by this Act from being used to fund the Department of Defense Countering Extremism Working Group.

Modifies the composition of the Boards of Visitors for the Military, Naval, and Air Force Academies, specifying appointments from congressional leadership and committees.

Prohibits funds from this Act from being used to endorse critical race theory at DOD academic institutions, in military training, or in professional military education.

Consolidates various military justice reporting requirements into a single annual report, including data on race, ethnicity, rank, sex, offenses, and case results.

Establishes a 10-year term of office for civilian judges appointed to the Court of Military Commission Review.

Extends the deadline to October 1, 2025, for removing personal information from the Department of Defense Central Index of Investigations for certain individuals.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to analyze modifying Military Rule of Evidence 513 to include diagnoses and treatments as privileged psychotherapist-patient communications.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to brief congressional committees on the evaluation and distribution of impact aid to educational agencies serving military children with severe disabilities.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop and implement a policy allowing teachers at overseas Department of Defense Education Activity (DODEA) schools to transfer to other overseas DODEA schools.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to use opinions from board-certified specialists when evaluating medical malpractice claims filed by members of the uniformed services.

A unilateral definitization of a contract by a contracting officer will be considered a final decision, allowing a contractor to appeal to the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals or the U.S. Court of Federal Claims.

Extends the requirement for the Comptroller General to assess Department of Defense acquisition programs and initiatives through 2029.

Increases the contract value threshold for requiring earned value management systems from $20 million to $50 million, and for requiring an approved system from $50 million to $100 million.

Extends the authority for a demonstration project related to acquisition personnel management policies and procedures by five years, to December 31, 2031.

Amends the prohibition on contractors selling or transferring DoD employee data, clarifying waiver criteria for national security and requiring an annual report on waivers granted.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to issue guidance by January 31, 2025, on the governance and oversight of Department of Defense contracts that support or enable sensitive activities.

Revises the Federal Acquisition Regulation to require written justification for conflict of interest waivers and prohibits delegating this authority below the deputy head of an agency.

Establishes an advisory panel within the Department of Defense to advise on streamlining the requirements process and develop options for reform. The panel will terminate after three years.

Directs the Comptroller General and the Secretary of Defense to submit a proposal for a process where unsuccessful parties in bid protests pay costs to the government and the winning contractor.

Increases the minimum dollar value for protesting a task or delivery order from $25,000,000 to $35,000,000.

Requires briefings and certification on conflicts of interest in fuel services contracts and limits funding until these requirements are met.

Requires that congressional leaders be notified within 24 hours of any planned or unplanned transfer of the functions and duties of the Secretary of Defense.

Creates the position of Performance Improvement Officer within the Department of Defense to oversee business modernization, implement the Strategic Management Plan, and track GAO recommendations.

Updates responsibilities for international industrial base collaboration and establishes cross-functional teams to coordinate and support international cooperation activities.

Increases the authorized number of Deputy Assistant Secretaries of Defense from 60 to 62.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to contract for a review of the roles of the Chief Talent Management Officer and the structure of the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a plan for adequately staffing the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Industrial Base Policy and the Joint Production Accelerator Cell.

Mandates the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) to revise and modernize the DoD Financial Management Regulation by September 30, 2026, to ensure clarity, consistency, and updated guidance.

Creates a cross-functional team to oversee the implementation of recommendations from the Commission on Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Reform.

Establishes a new mishap classification for incidents causing at least $500,000,000 in damage or loss and sets requirements for high-level investigations and congressional briefings.

Extends the deadline for the final report from the National Commission on the Future of the Navy to January 15, 2026.

Modifies the National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology, extending its final report deadline and setting its termination for December 31, 2026.

Modifies notification requirements for defense sensitive support, allowing for quarterly reporting for routine support provided to other federal agencies.

Extends the living quarters allowance to all civilian Department of Defense employees in Guam who are in positions with critical shortages, through January 1, 2034.

Increases the amount of military leave that federal employees can accrue and accumulate from 15 days to 20 days per fiscal year.

Prohibits the Department of Defense from establishing new DEI positions or filling vacant ones until a Comptroller General study is submitted or one year has passed, whichever is earlier.

Requires the DoD to implement a policy for reciprocal software accrediting standards to more rapidly adopt cloud-hosted platforms that have already been authorized by another DoD official.

Requires the DoD to develop a plan to ensure the budgeting process for AI programs includes estimated costs for acquiring and sustaining the data needed to train and maintain AI models.

Establishes the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Nuclear Deterrence, Chemical, and Biological Defense Policy and Programs as the principal civilian adviser on nuclear deterrence policies.

Amends Title 10, United States Code, by adding a new part to organize and codify existing and new provisions of law relating to missile defense policy, budget, acquisition, and capabilities.

Making numerous technical and conforming amendments to Title 10, United States Code, and other defense-related laws to correct errors, update chapter names, and redesignate sections.

Establishes a new process for Air Force strategic basing decisions, requiring quarterly briefings to Congress and prohibiting decisions during the resource allocation process.

Requires each military department and the Secretary of Defense to submit annual five-year plans to improve innovation infrastructure, including labs and test ranges, with their budget requests.

Requires military departments to submit detailed reports and prioritized rankings of all requested military construction and repair projects at joint bases for fiscal years 2025 through 2030.

Amends existing law to allow tribal governments, in addition to state and local governments, to enter into intergovernmental support agreements for installation-support services.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to reduce expenditures on leased facilities by 25 percent within five years and establish new standards for office space utilization.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Army to convey the former Boyle Memorial Army Reserve Center in Paris, Texas, to Paris Junior College for fair market value.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Army to convey approximately 6.63 acres of real property in Riverdale Park, Maryland, to the town without consideration for a new municipal and community center.

Modifies conditions on the conveyance of the former Army-Navy General Hospital in Hot Springs, Arkansas, allowing the state to request the extinguishment of U.S. reversionary interests.

Authorizes the conveyance of ballfields and a firing range at Defense Fuel Support Point San Pedro, California, to the cities of Los Angeles or Lomita for recreational and law enforcement purposes.

Extends the Department of the Army's pilot program for the development and use of an online real estate inventory tool until September 30, 2026.

Requires military departments to notify relevant Members of Congress within 30 days of awarding a contract for a military construction project.

Authorizes the National Nuclear Security Administration to use passenger carriers to provide transportation services for contractor employees between facilities and mass transit.

Makes numerous minor corrections and clarifications to various sections of Title 46, U.S. Code, affecting port infrastructure, small shipyards, the National Defense Reserve Fleet, and other maritime programs.

Specifies that dollar amounts in funding tables are authorized subject to appropriations and must be awarded based on merit-based or competitive procedures.

Reduces funding for diversity and inclusion programs in the Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard, and Army National Guard.

Reduces authorized funding for Military Personnel and the Defense Health Program by a combined total of over $923 million due to unobligated balances from prior fiscal years.

Requires the Secretary of State to submit a 5-year strategy to Congress for promoting security and rule of law in the Western Hemisphere, with annual implementation briefings.

Requires the Secretary of State to report to Congress on efforts by the Maduro regime in Venezuela to detain U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents.

Amends the Millennium Challenge Act of 2003 to modify the requirements for a country to become a candidate for assistance, based on per capita income and eligibility for U.S. economic aid.

Extends the sunset provision of the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019 to December 31, 2029.

Renames the Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act of 1986 to the Administrative False Claims Act and updates its provisions, including increasing the maximum claim amount from $150,000 to $1,000,000.

Requires the Secretary of the Interior to submit an annual report to Congress on the implementation of several wildlife conservation acts, detailing awards and project descriptions.

Establishes the Spectrum Auction Trust Fund in the U.S. Treasury to deposit proceeds from certain spectrum auctions for specified purposes, including deficit reduction.

Designates the Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center in Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey, as the 'Frank A. LoBiondo National Aerospace Safety and Security Campus'.

Requires the Comptroller General to submit a report examining the use, cost, effectiveness, and privacy policies of the Homeland Security Information Network within one year.

Amends conflict of interest rules for the Intelligence Innovation Board, requiring review of active and potential conflicts and establishing waiver procedures with DNI approval and congressional notification.

Prohibits funds for the DHS Office of Intelligence and Analysis from being used for specific activities, such as interviewing individuals in custody without counsel or targeting journalists.

Increases the NRO advisory board size to up to 8 members, adds conflict of interest rules, requires a charter with whistleblower protections, and extends the board's termination date to August 31, 2027.

Formally establishes the National Intelligence Management Council within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence to integrate and coordinate intelligence community efforts.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to immediately notify congressional intelligence committees in writing of any other intelligence-related functions directed by the President.

Mandates the development and implementation of standardized counterintelligence training for Department of Energy personnel who handle classified technology and for counterintelligence officers.

Prohibits any current employee of the Central Intelligence Agency from being appointed as the Special Victim Investigator.

Requires all intelligence community elements to submit budget summaries for their open-source intelligence activities to the Director of National Intelligence, who will then report to Congress.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to submit a comprehensive assessment to Congress on the recruitment and training of Mandarin Chinese speakers across the intelligence community.

Expands the public-private talent exchange program for the intelligence community, focusing on fields like AI and biotech, extending detail duration to 5 years, and addressing conflicts of interest.

Requires issuing guidelines to ensure former presidential appointees in the intelligence community only maintain security clearances in accordance with existing executive orders.

Prohibits obligating or spending National Intelligence Program funds for any new controlled access program until Congress has been properly notified.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to provide congressional intelligence committees with anonymized, machine-readable data on the timeliness of polygraph examinations for personnel vetting.

Expands noncompetitive appointment eligibility to spouses of transferred Department of State and intelligence community employees, including for remote work positions. This authority sunsets after 5 years.

Requires annual reports on employees on administrative leave and mandates congressional notification within 10 days of referring an employee misconduct allegation to the Department of Justice.

Changes the process for waiving post-service employment restrictions for intelligence officials, requiring a written application and a determination that it will not harm national security.

Requires Inspectors General to determine the credibility of an urgent whistleblower complaint within 14 days of the employee confirming their intent to report it to Congress.

Protects individuals who disclose classified information to an Inspector General, treating it as an authorized disclosure that does not violate non-disclosure agreements or other laws.

Requires the Comptroller General to conduct a review of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) and report its findings on the office's activities and implementation of its duties to Congress.

Eliminates or modifies several reporting and briefing requirements for the intelligence community, including those on Iranian expenditures, foreign investment risks, and personnel programs.

Allows professional licenses (excluding law) held by Foreign Service members and their spouses to be considered valid in a new state or jurisdiction upon relocation for an official assignment.

Expands eligibility for the Department of State's paid internship program to recent graduates, allows for flexible work hours, and authorizes a mentorship program for interns.

Requires chiefs of mission to arrive at their assigned post within 60 days of Senate confirmation to be eligible for payment of travel expenses, with certain exceptions.

Mandates that the Inspector General of the Department of State conduct management reviews of chiefs of mission and other principal officers during overseas inspection visits.

Authorizes the President to appoint a Senate-confirmed Special Envoy for Sudan to lead U.S. diplomatic efforts related to the conflict and humanitarian crisis in the country.

Authorizes the Secretary of State to support museum operations, retain proceeds from fees, and manage the museum's collection, including selling or trading artifacts to enhance the collection.

Requires the Secretary of State to avoid leasing or purchasing buildings for U.S. personnel overseas if entities from China or Russia are involved in the construction or ownership, with a waiver for national security.

Mandates that the Secretary of State and USAID Administrator provide an initial response to Congressional Research Service and Congressional Budget Office inquiries within 14 days and a complete answer within 90 days.

Requires the Secretary of State to report on a new framework to speed up the opening of new diplomatic missions, particularly in small island nations, and to designate a senior official to lead the effort.

Amends the Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 to raise the contract threshold requiring pre-qualification for bidders on diplomatic construction projects from $10,000,000 to $25,000,000.

Authorizes up to 20 days of paid 'Rest and Recuperation Leave' for employees in combat zones or high-risk posts, and up to 10 days of 'Overseas Operations Leave' for local holidays.

Directs the Chief Information Officer of the Department of State to consider piloting at least three IT systems to accelerate passport renewal processes and reduce dependency on legacy systems.

Amends existing law to explicitly authorize the issuance of passports through Department of State electronic systems, facilitating online applications and renewals.

Expands who can serve as passport agents, aims to increase the number of certified hand-carry courier companies, and allows the Secretary to align passport expiration dates with the holder's birthday.

Establishes standards for the passport issuance process and mandates enhanced IT solutions, including a mobile app and expanded online renewal services, to prevent backlogs.

Grants the United States Agency for International Development new authorities for personal service agreements, crisis and disaster surge staffing, and extends certain benefits to its personnel.

Requires U.S. passport applications to include an optional form for applicants to consent to the disclosure of their information in the event they are wrongfully detained by a foreign government.

Requires the President to convene a United States-Africa Leaders Summit every two years to strengthen ties and promote cooperation with African leaders, civil society, and businesses.

Sets a termination date of January 31, 2026, for the Office of the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction and provides for the transition of its employees and funds.

Appoints a Coordinator within the Department of State to oversee the relocation and resettlement of eligible Afghan allies and assist U.S. citizens leaving Afghanistan for a period of three years.

Extends the authority for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to re-employ civil service annuitants without salary reduction through September 30, 2026.

Extends the authority for overseas pay comparability for the Foreign Service through December 31, 2034, but limits payments to two-thirds of the rate for Washington, D.C.

Extends the waiver authority for Inspector General annuitants through September 30, 2026, and allows its use for oversight in countries with humanitarian disasters.

Amends the Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018 to extend key reporting and assessment periods from five years to ten years.

Extends the sunset provision of the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019 to ten years after the date of enactment of this new act.

Amends the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 to extend a reporting requirement from five years to ten years.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to permit members of foreign militaries to enroll in medical and postgraduate programs at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.

Waives the referral requirement for active duty members under TRICARE Prime when seeking physical therapy, nutritional, audiological, optometric, or podiatric care at a military medical facility.

Establishes a program to improve clinical and nonclinical services targeting mental health conditions in pregnant and postpartum service members and their spouses.

Eliminates cost-sharing requirements under TRICARE for all prescription contraceptives, contraceptive care, sterilization procedures, and related counseling services.

Prohibits the TRICARE program from covering medical interventions for the treatment of gender dysphoria that could result in sterilization for children under the age of 18.

Establishes a three-year demonstration program to reimburse certain service members for costs associated with the cryopreservation and storage of their sperm or eggs.

Allows licensed mental health providers in the TRICARE network to provide tele-mental health services to service members and their families across state lines.

Directs the Defense Health Agency to expand its recognition of certifying bodies for physicians to include a wider range of board certifications in medical specialties and subspecialties.

Establishes the Defense Intrepid Network for Traumatic Brain Injury and Brain Health as a formal program of record by January 1, 2026, to provide clinical care, research, and education.

Amends the Warfighter Brain Health Initiative to establish safety thresholds for blast exposure, create standardized treatment programs, and require modification of weapons systems to reduce blast exposure.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to conduct a study on immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines and infections, vaccine efficacy, and adverse events among service members.

Directs the Under Secretary of Defense to report on and update guidance for managing risks in the Department of Defense's pharmaceutical supply chains, focusing on reliance on high-risk foreign suppliers.

Prohibits any Department of Defense funds from being made available, directly or indirectly, to EcoHealth Alliance, its subsidiaries, or the Wuhan Institute of Virology.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to establish a joint program with Taiwan's military forces on military trauma care, including amputation care, PTSD, and traumatic brain injuries.

Requires the Comptroller General to study how the transportation of personal protective equipment was expedited during the COVID-19 pandemic and report the findings to Congress.

Reduces funding for the Defense Health Program based on historical underexecution of private sector care, insufficient justification for in-house care, and other unjustified requests.

Requires the Secretary of State to fully implement an electronic medical records system for all Foreign Service personnel and their families by December 31, 2027, to replace paper records.

Extends the authority for the Department of Defense to use other transaction authority for prototype projects related to facility repair until September 30, 2030.

Expands the eligible recipients for grants under the Defense Community Infrastructure Program to include not-for-profit, member-owned utility services.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Army to convey approximately 203 acres at Fort Huachuca, Arizona, to the City of Sierra Vista for the development of the municipal airport.

Authorizes the conveyance of the Kay Bailey Hutchison Desalination Plant and adjoining land at Fort Bliss, Texas, to El Paso Water for stormwater flood control.

Requires the Army and Navy to jointly coordinate the repair and maintenance of Kolekole Pass, Hawaii, for use as an emergency route.

Modifies the Port Infrastructure Development Program, including grant eligibility for shore power projects, streamlining environmental reviews, and adding cybersecurity requirements for applications.

This Act may be cited as the 'Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025'.

Any reference to the 'National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025' shall be deemed a reference to the 'Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025'.

Authorizes the appropriation of funds for fiscal year 2025 for procurement for the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Space Force, and Defense-wide activities.

Directs the Secretary of the Army to develop a plan for a Centralized Security Monitoring Program to modernize and centralize security operations across Army facilities in the United States.

Establishes a five-year pilot program to use moving robotic target systems in live-fire training for select infantry units of the Army reserve and National Guard components to increase lethality.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to use economic order quantity contracts for major components of certain amphibious ships to achieve cost savings.

Modifies the annual reporting requirement on cost targets for Ford-class aircraft carriers to include all subsequent carriers and more detailed cost and schedule information.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to enter into multiyear contracts, starting in fiscal year 2025, for the procurement of CH-53K aircraft and their T408 engines.

Prohibits the Navy from contracting for construction of the lead Landing Ship Medium and Constellation-class frigates until their basic and functional designs are certified as complete.

Reduces the minimum required inventory for Air Force tactical fighter aircraft from 1,112 to 1,101 and for A-10 aircraft from 135 to 96.

Prohibits the Air Force from retiring any F-15E aircraft until September 30, 2027, and mandates a study on the number of fighter aircraft needed to meet combatant commander requirements.

Directs the Secretary of the Air Force to develop and implement a plan to field air base air defense sites at Air Force installations, with specific fielding deadlines through 2031.

Directs the Secretary of the Air Force to develop a plan to sustain and recapitalize the 25 fighter squadrons of the Air National Guard at a rate similar to active-duty squadrons.

Amends the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 to allow the Air Force and Navy to use new, in addition to used, commercial dual-use parts from certified production approval holders.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to establish measures to identify risks and increase the resiliency of the supply chain for small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) using domestic and allied sources.

Directs the Defense Logistics Agency to develop a policy for acquisition planning for contracts involving large volumes of into-plane fuel for heavy-lift aircraft, including contractor qualification factors.

Prohibits the Department of Defense from operating or procuring LiDAR technology manufactured in or by entities from covered foreign countries, including China and Russia, effective June 30, 2026.

Limits the number of F-35 aircraft the Secretary of Defense can accept until certifying that plans are in place to correct numerous deficiencies in testing, software, production, and sustainment.

Requires the Secretaries of the Air Force and the Navy to jointly assess the sufficiency of inventory requirements for air-to-air missiles to meet operational plans and emerging needs.

Mandates the modification of the aircraft carrier CVN-73 to support the fielding of the MQ-25 unmanned aerial vehicle before its planned deployment date.

Expands the duties of the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer Governing Council to identify and assess AI models that could pose a national security risk if accessed by an adversary.

Extends the termination of the Directed Energy Working Group from 4 to 9 years and expands its briefing requirements to include detailed cost data and program information.

Creates a working group to develop a strategy for transitioning capabilities from the Air Force's Agility Prime program, related to vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, to operational use.

Mandates the development of policies to manage and use data from digital systems on aircraft, ships, and vehicles to improve maintenance activities, including investment in data infrastructure.

Mandates a demonstration program by November 2025 to assess using wideband adaptive signal processing technology to support simultaneous transmit and receive signals on the same frequency band.

Requires the Chief Digital and AI Officer to develop a venue for comparative testing of automated target recognition algorithms and to test at least two programs from the Replicator initiative by September 2025.

Prohibits using DoD funds for grants or contracts to U.S. institutions of higher education for fundamental research in collaboration with certain foreign academic institutions, with a waiver for national security.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to develop and implement a five-year plan to advance U.S. defense interests in international forums concerning the electromagnetic spectrum.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop a five-year strategic plan for the research, development, procurement, and implementation of quantum information science technologies.

Directs the Defense Science Board to study the feasibility and advisability of designating the Kwajalein Atoll test site as a Major Range and Test Facility Base.

Authorizes the appropriation of funds for fiscal year 2025 for operation and maintenance expenses of the Armed Forces and other Department of Defense activities.

Requires the Navy and Air Force to develop and implement plans to improve inspection procedures and maintenance for their prepositioned stockpiles to ensure mission capability.

Directs the Secretary of the Army to establish and maintain a threat library to coordinate efforts across the Department of Defense to counter unmanned aircraft systems.

Mandates that all Army high-mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicles be equipped with an anti-lock brake system and electronic stability control kit by September 30, 2033.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to establish an advanced manufacturing facility in the Indo-Pacific region to support submarine, shipbuilding, and other defense industrial base needs.

Authorizes the end strengths for active duty personnel for the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force as of September 30, 2025.

Authorizes the end strengths for Selected Reserve personnel for all reserve components, including the National Guard, as of September 30, 2025.

Establishes the minimum number of dual-status military technicians for the Army and Air Force reserve components for fiscal year 2025.

Sets the maximum number of reserve component members who may serve on full-time operational support duty during fiscal year 2025 for each branch of the Armed Forces.

Requires the annual defense manpower report to include detailed justifications for personnel levels, linking them to the national defense strategy and reporting on recruiting shortfalls.

Establishes a 'Secretary of Defense Adaptive Force Account' for up to 35 general or flag officers, excluding them from statutory limitations on the number of senior officers.

From 2025 to 2030, allows for an increased number of nurse officers to be recommended for promotion to major or lieutenant commander to improve medical readiness.

Requires officers who fail selection for promotion but still have a service obligation to be retained on active duty until that obligation is complete, unless waived by the Secretary.

Establishes the position of Vice Chief of Space Operations and clarifies the line of succession for when the Chief of Space Operations position is vacant or the Chief is absent or disabled.

Establishes a five-year pilot program for certain officers in grades O-5 and O-6 to be assessed by their peers and subordinates, with results available to command selection boards.

Increases the maximum age for military technicians to be retained on the reserve active-status list from 60 to 62.

Authorizes reserve officers in certain designated military specialties to be retained on the active-status list beyond normal retirement dates, up to 40 years of service.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Air Force to transfer covered space functions and up to 578 personnel billets from the Air National Guard to the Space Force during a specified transition period.

Requires the Chief of the National Guard Bureau to notify Congress at least 60 days before reapportioning the force structure of a state's National Guard.

Makes numerous technical corrections and conforming amendments to U.S. Code to fully integrate the Space Force into existing military law regarding appointments, promotions, and decorations.

Expands the authority of the Secretary of Defense to provide protection to senior DoD leaders and other specified persons, removing the 'within the United States' limitation.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Air Force to designate certain separated Air Force members who supported space operations as honorary separated members of the Space Force, known as 'Legacy Guardians'.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to implement a program using health care providers from any Armed Forces component to accelerate the review of medical records at Military Entrance Processing Command (MEPCOM).

Requires the Secretary of Defense to ensure all newly commissioned officers receive training on the U.S. Constitution, emphasizing loyalty and civilian control of the military.

Allows the Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force to transfer up to three cadets or midshipmen per year who become professional athletes to the Selected Reserve for their service obligation.

Extends the operation of the Defense Advisory Committee on Investigation, Prosecution, and Defense of Sexual Assault in the Armed Forces from 10 to 15 years.

Establishes new monthly basic pay rates for members of the uniformed services, including commissioned officers, warrant officers, and enlisted members, effective April 1, 2025.

Limits the basic pay for officers in pay grades O-7 to O-10 to not exceed level II of the Executive Schedule, and O-6 and below to not exceed level V.

Establishes a separate pay table for commissioned officers in grades O-1E, O-2E, and O-3E with over 4 years of active duty service as an enlisted member or warrant officer.

Sets a specific monthly basic pay for senior enlisted advisors, such as the Sergeant Major of the Army, regardless of their years of service.

Expands the policy on postpartum physical fitness tests and body composition assessments to include service members who lose a pregnancy or have a stillbirth.

Extends parental leave benefits to members of the Coast Guard Reserve, effective October 1, 2025.

Extends various expiring bonus, special pay, and housing allowance authorities for military personnel for one year, through December 31, 2025.

Authorizes the payment of Basic Allowance for Housing (BAH) to junior enlisted members in pay grades below E-6 who are assigned to sea duty.

Requires reimbursement for travel, meals, and incidental expenses for reserve component members who travel more than 50 miles for inactive-duty training or muster duty, effective January 1, 2027.

Authorizes military departments to provide broadband internet access service at no cost to service members residing in military unaccompanied housing within the United States.

Mandates the establishment of performance parameters to minimize blast overpressure exposure when developing requirements for new weapon systems.

Requires a program to procure and pre-position medical countermeasures for acute radiation syndrome and thermal burns for overseas military and civilian personnel.

Establishes a program by January 2026 to partner with Indo-Pacific countries to gain access to foreign medical facilities and maintain regional medical readiness.

The Secretary of Defense must develop a plan to improve access to safe, high-quality pharmaceuticals for service members and mitigate risks in the Department of Defense's pharmacy supply chain.

Establishes a two-year pilot program delegating authority to the U.S. Military Entrance Processing Command to approve medical waivers for up to three pre-identified conditions for reserve component recruits.

Limits the number of low-rate production lots procured using fixed-price options under a cost-reimbursement development contract for a major system to not more than one, with a waiver available.

Formally establishes and codifies the 'middle tier' of acquisition for rapid prototyping and rapid fielding, creating pathways for programs intended to be completed in two to five years.

Establishes specific acquisition pathways for software, including for applications and embedded systems, to enable rapid development, integration, and timely delivery of software capabilities.

Modifies the Milestone A approval process for major defense acquisition programs, changing from a required determination to a consideration of specific factors to streamline the process.

Changes the approval process for major defense acquisition programs from a rigid certification to a consideration of specific factors, including design reviews, affordability, and sustainment plans.

Requires the Department of Defense to notify Congress 30 days prior to canceling contracts that would reduce employment by 50 or more employees at remote or isolated installations.

Requires service acquisition executives to submit cost growth reports to Congress for highly sensitive classified programs that experience significant or critical cost increases.

Allows the Department of Defense to acquire up to five years of operating stocks for ship maintenance and to exceed the two-year limit to protect against supply chain disruptions.

Modifies delegation authority for prototype projects and clarifies that follow-on production contracts can be awarded to implement successfully completed prototypes.

Adds Japan and the Republic of Korea to the list of foreign countries eligible to participate in the contested logistics demonstration and prototyping program.

Restricts fixed-price contracts for major shipbuilding programs that include both detail design and construction to a maximum of two ships, unless a waiver is granted.

Allows the Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to detail personnel to military departments to provide support for transitioning DARPA-developed technology.

Amends the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 to expand disclosure requirements for contractors with employees working in, for, or subject to the laws of the People's Republic of China.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Army to designate an existing program executive office to be responsible for the acquisition of open-source intelligence tools for the Army.

Requires the Department of Defense to procure domestically produced stainless steel flatware and dinnerware from January 1, 2026, to January 1, 2029.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop policies by April 1, 2026, to incentivize contractors to assess and monitor their entire supply chains for vulnerabilities and noncompliance risks.

Prohibits the Secretary of Defense from contracting with entities that also contract with lobbyists for Chinese military companies, effective June 30, 2026.

Prohibits the Department of Defense from procuring covered semiconductor products and services from any entity that knowingly provides such products and services to Huawei.

Prohibits using FY2025 funds for Defense Commissary Agency contracts with covered contractors that engage in a boycott of the State of Israel.

Establishes a competitive, merit-based program to accelerate the procurement and fielding of innovative technologies, with a priority for small businesses and nontraditional defense contractors.

Extends the pilot program for streamlining awards for innovative technology projects until October 1, 2029.

Authorizes a pilot program for contracting officers to use alternative capability-based analysis to determine fair and reasonable pricing for commercial products from nontraditional defense contractors.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to establish a process to rapidly qualify alternate sources of supply for critical industrial capabilities, such as energetic materials and unmanned systems.

Requires the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment to submit a strategy ensuring the defense industrial base can meet requirements for solid rocket motors.

Requires the Department of Defense to establish a process for identifying and producing items through reverse or re-engineering when technical data is unavailable.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to coordinate a department-wide strategy for battery procurement to leverage commercial advancements and address supply chain risks.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to implement GAO recommendations for better accountability of global spare parts for the F-35 program and report on progress.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to update policies and guidance to fully implement and institutionalize the authority of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict.

Requires the annual Defense Planning Guidance to include guidance on the size, structure, and posture of special operations forces and mandates an annual report on the matter.

Creates a civilian Senior Executive Service position within the Department of Defense to conduct independent oversight of all intelligence and counterintelligence activities.

Formally establishes the Joint Federated Assurance Center to ensure that software and hardware used by the Department of Defense are free from vulnerabilities throughout their life-cycle.

Creates an office within the Air Force to assess adversarial capital flows, identify critical technologies needing capital, and fund investments to counteract threats to the defense industrial base.

Establishes a task force to review, consolidate, and update all DoD directives related to countering unmanned aircraft systems to expedite decision-making for commanders.

Prohibits funding to complete proposed reductions to Army special operations forces until an assessment on establishing affiliate relationships with general purpose forces is submitted to Congress.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to develop a methodology for analyzing military force size needed for activities below traditional armed conflict, such as campaigning and information operations.

Amends the authority for the National Defense Sealift Fund to purchase used vessels, updating statutory references and increasing a numerical limit from nine to 10.

Extends the definition of short-term work for Navy vessel construction to 12 months and mandates a study on price differentials used in ship repair solicitations.

Strengthens requirements for Navy assessments before starting construction on the first ship of a new program, including mandating that at least 95% of drawing packages have final approval.

Prohibits the Secretary of Defense from entering into contracts with shipyards determined to be under the ownership, control, or influence of a foreign adversary country.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to use incremental funding to enter into contracts for the construction of Virginia-class submarines and an Arleigh Burke class destroyer.

Establishes a three-year pilot program at one shipyard to test the use of automated inspection technologies for defining maintenance requirements on surface ships.

Extends prohibitions through December 31, 2025, on using funds to transfer detainees to the U.S., construct facilities for them, transfer them to certain countries, or close the naval station.

Prohibits DoD funds from providing direct support to any entertainment project that has complied with a censorship demand from the Government of the People's Republic of China.

Requires the U.S. Transportation Command to conduct a study of the mobility requirements needed to fulfill the 2022 national defense strategy, including airlift, sealift, and tanker capabilities.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to conduct comprehensive biodefense posture reviews in 2026 and 2029 and report the findings to Congress.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to provide initial and annual briefings to Congress on attempts by aliens and foreign actors to access military installations without authorization.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit annual reports from fiscal year 2026 to 2028 on the cost and resourcing requirements for the Department of Defense's Arctic Strategy.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to separately analyze and report on securing air superiority for the Joint Force in the 2030s and 2040s.

Requires the Department of Defense to conduct a large-scale exercise by December 1, 2025, to test its response capabilities against threats from unmanned aerial systems.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to assess and report on the Department's operational plans, including requirements for executing plans in scenarios with multiple, protracted conflicts.

Requires a joint plan from the Assistant Secretary of Defense and USSOCOM Commander to sustain and enhance special operations riverine capabilities through fiscal year 2035.

Requires a study on the DoD's use of unmanned ground vehicles from certain foreign countries and establishes a potential prohibition on their procurement and operation based on the study's findings.

Amends prior law to require, rather than permit, the Department of Defense to facilitate the introduction of entities in transactions critical to national security.

Requires the Secretary of the Army to create and implement a plan for new and additional skill identifiers for graduates of the Army Mountain Warfare School.

Establishes a Department of Defense working group to develop and coordinate artificial intelligence initiatives with U.S. allies and partners, terminating in 2028 unless extended.

Requires the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office to designate a liaison to the Counter Unmanned Aerial Systems Task Force to improve coordination and information sharing.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to develop a strategy and conduct an assessment on countering threats from unmanned aircraft systems to domestic Department of Defense facilities and assets.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to develop a framework for prioritizing the accreditation of off-base sensitive compartmented information facilities, particularly those supporting DX-rated programs.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to implement recommendations from a 2024 Government Accountability Office report on the Department of Defense food and nutrition program within 18 months.

Establishes a one-year pilot program to provide military aircraft and aerial demonstration teams for at least five air shows in rural or small market areas to increase public exposure to the Armed Forces.

Allows the Secretary of Defense, with State Department concurrence, to accept and expend funds, defense articles, and services from foreign governments for security cooperation programs until 2029.

Authorizes U.S. Armed Forces to conduct training with the military or national security forces of Costa Rica and Panama until December 31, 2030.

Requires a study on establishing a specific contracting capacity for foreign military sales and establishes a Foreign Military Sales Continuous Process Improvement Board.

Expands U.S.-Israel anti-tunnel cooperation to include maneuvering within tunnels and requires annual joint military exercises on subterranean warfare.

Establishes a strategic partnership between the Defense Innovation Unit and Israel and creates a joint military trauma education and training program.

Establishes the Middle East Regional Integration Military Subject Matter Expert Exchange Program to facilitate interaction and learning among participating militaries.

Extends and modifies annual reporting requirements on Iran's military power to include its use of proxy forces, support for attacks on U.S. forces, and drone exportation.

Prohibits Department of Defense funds from being made available, directly or indirectly, to the Government of Iran or any person owned or controlled by it.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to notify Congress within 30 days of any identified transfer of weapons by Iran to a terrorist proxy group or state actor.

Extends authorities to support the Office of Security Cooperation in Iraq, provide assistance to counter ISIS, and provide assistance to vetted Syrian groups.

Prohibits DOD funds from being used to provide the Russian Federation with notifications and other information required by the New START Treaty, with a waiver provision.

Establishes a pilot program to educate personnel from Australia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea on nuclear deterrence and strategy, terminating on December 31, 2027.

Amends a previous law to allow reports on the transfer of defense articles and services to Taiwan to be submitted in classified form.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to provide assistance to Taiwan's military and security forces to maintain self-defense capabilities. The authority terminates on December 31, 2029.

Expresses the sense of Congress that Taiwan's naval forces may be invited to participate in the 2025 Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) exercise.

Requires U.S. AUKUS coordinators to engage with Japan to assess its potential for cooperation on advanced defense capabilities under Pillar Two of the AUKUS partnership and report to Congress.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a plan to reconstitute U.S. Forces Japan as a joint force headquarters to enhance coordination with Japan's Self-Defense Forces.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a plan for activities to strengthen U.S. extended deterrence commitments to the Republic of Korea, including nuclear consultation and planning.

Requires a plan and annual reports to advance trilateral defense cooperation among the U.S., Japan, and the Republic of Korea on issues like ballistic missile defense and joint exercises.

Modifies reporting requirements for the list of Chinese military companies operating in the U.S., requiring justifications for additions/deletions and expanding the definition of such companies.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to submit a plan to identify and resolve shortfalls in the National Defense Stockpile of strategic and critical materials by 2029.

Designates the Joint Force Headquarters-Department of Defense Information Network as a subordinate unified command under the United States Cyber Command.

Establishes a program requiring combatant commands and military departments to conduct at least four hackathons each year to address critical technical challenges using skilled personnel.

Establishes a program to conduct biannual tabletop exercises with the defense industrial base to prepare for cyber attacks preceding or during conflicts.

Requires the DoD Chief Information Officer to develop guidance on how the department's zero trust strategy applies to Internet of Things hardware used in military operations.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to develop a strategy for managing and securing the Department of Defense's multi-cloud environments, aligning with zero trust principles.

Establishes an initiative to improve the human usability and cognitive effectiveness of AI systems adopted by the Department of Defense.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to establish a program to expand high-performance computing infrastructure to meet the testing and processing requirements for advanced AI.

The Secretary of Defense will evaluate the feasibility of establishing a center of excellence to support the development and maturation of artificial intelligence-enabled weapon systems.

Limits the obligation of funds for the Mission Partner Environment program to 90% until the Secretary of Defense certifies an executable implementation and modernization plan.

Extends the certification requirement regarding contracting for military recruiting from one year to two years.

Prohibits the Secretary of the Army from disestablishing or merging the Cyber Warfare Officer and Cyber Electromagnetic Warfare Officer career paths until 270 days after notifying Congress.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to seek an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to evaluate alternative organizational models for the cyber forces of the Armed Forces.

Limits the obligation of funds for the Joint Cyber Warfighting Architecture to 95% until the Commander of United States Cyber Command provides a plan to transition to its successor.

Requires the DoD Chief Information Officer to report on the feasibility of developing a risk framework to assess mobile applications for potential risks to DoD personnel and operations.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to report on improving cooperation and partner-sharing network capabilities with allies in the Middle East for joint defense efforts.

Establishes a Space Contractor Responsibility Watch List for contractors with a history of poor performance on space procurement contracts, maintained by the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to establish a Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve program, allowing contracts with qualified commercial providers for additional space products and services as needed.

Prohibits the launch of a Space Force satellite unless its associated ground systems are completed and ready for operation, with a waiver available for national security reasons.

Modifies the requirement for notifying Congress about foreign interference with U.S. critical national security space capabilities, allowing for consolidated monthly reports for continuous attempts.

Extends the policy on contracts for launch services from 2024 to 2029 and requires congressional notification seven days before implementing modifications to the phase three acquisition strategy.

Requires the Comptroller General to review and assess the Air Force's efforts on Global Positioning System modernization and provide a briefing to Congress by March 1, 2025.

Requires the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space Acquisition and Integration to designate a Senior Advisor to oversee acquisition efforts for space command, control, and integration.

Directs the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space Acquisition and Integration to establish a pilot program to demonstrate a hybrid satellite communication architecture.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to conduct an assessment of space and satellite security to identify mechanisms to better protect allies in the U.S. Central Command area from hostile space activities.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to ensure the Department of Defense has a dedicated cyber intelligence capability by October 1, 2026, to support military cyber operations.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense and the Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency to continue cooperation with the Government of Israel on defense intelligence to support the defeat of Hamas.

Authorizes the Air Force to reconvert B-52 bombers to carry nuclear weapons after the New START Treaty expires and requires a report on expanding the purchase of the Long Range Standoff Weapon.

Modifies requirements for the nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile, allowing for an alternative warhead and requiring the Navy to establish a dedicated program office and budget element for its development.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Air Force to enter into life-of-program contracts for the procurement of heat shield material for the Mark 21A reentry vehicle.

Requires the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment to ensure maximum federal oversight and competition throughout the lifecycle of the Sentinel ICBM program.

Prohibits using funds to reduce the quantity of deployed U.S. intercontinental ballistic missiles below 400 or to reduce their responsiveness or alert level.

Prohibits funds from being used to alter the roles or responsibilities of Air Force Global Strike Command related to strategic deterrence until a report is submitted to Congress.

Prohibits Department of Energy funds from being used to dismantle B83-1 nuclear gravity bombs unless certified as in the best interest of the U.S. by the STRATCOM Commander.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to implement a strategy for developing a skilled manufacturing and vocational trade workforce to support the defense industrial base and nuclear security enterprise.

Requires the Commander of U.S. Strategic Command to submit a biennial plan for deployed strategic nuclear warheads through 2031, during the transition to new delivery systems.

Mandates annual briefings from 2025 to 2030 by the Secretaries of Defense and Energy on progress in implementing recommendations from the Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the U.S.

Establishes a U.S. policy that the use of artificial intelligence must not compromise nuclear safeguards or the principle of requiring positive human action for nuclear weapons employment.

Amends U.S. Code to expand prohibitions on sharing missile defense information and systems with the Russian Federation to also apply to the People's Republic of China.

Requires the Director of the Missile Defense Agency to establish a fully operational third continental U.S. interceptor site on the East Coast by December 31, 2030.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to advise and assist the Kingdom of Jordan in enhancing its capabilities for countering air and missile threats from Iran and its proxies.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to notify key members of Congress within 24 hours of determining an incident has negatively affected the availability of the ground-based midcourse defense system.

Directs the Commander of U.S. Indo-Pacific Command to submit a plan for providing simultaneous radar coverage of ballistic missile threats against Guam from China and North Korea.

Requires the Director of the Missile Defense Agency to establish and maintain detailed acquisition baselines for each program element and major subprogram of the missile defense system.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to establish a unified major force program for missile defense and defeat programs and to submit an annual budget assessment report through fiscal year 2030.

Designates the Director of the Missile Defense Agency as the technical authority of the Department of Defense for integrated air and missile defense activities and programs.

Appoints the Director of the Missile Defense Agency as the executive agent for developing a capability to counter hypersonic threats and mandates establishing a program of record.

Mandates at least one annual flight test of the ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense system, with specified exceptions and reporting requirements.

Requires the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to ensure interoperability of covered air and missile defense capabilities, including at least one annual demonstration test.

Prohibits final production or deployment of new missile defense systems until realistic testing demonstrates a high probability of effectiveness.

Prohibits the Missile Defense Agency from funding a program of record for satellite production, but allows for prototype satellites with concurrence from the Space Acquisition Council.

Prohibits providing Russia with sensitive missile defense technology and data, and forbids integrating Russian or Chinese missile defense systems with U.S. systems.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to designate a senior official responsible for establishing a national integrated air and missile defense architecture for the United States.

Requiring the Secretary of Defense to notify Congress before providing humanitarian assistance for any program or activity that exceeds $5,000,000.

Amending the U.S. flag code for military observances and directing the Department of Defense to rescind a restrictive memo and support flag displays at recruitment events.

Mandating a presidential report to Congress assessing how proceeds from illicit Iranian oil sales support Iran's military, its proxies, and efforts to enforce sanctions.

Prohibiting any Department of Defense funds for fiscal year 2025 from being used for the temporary pier in or off the coast of Gaza.

Requiring a national security review of drone manufacturers DJI and Autel Robotics, potentially adding them to a list of restricted communications equipment.

Extending the authorization for various Army military construction projects from fiscal years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022.

Extends the authorization for various Army military construction projects from fiscal years 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 until October 1, 2025, or the enactment of the FY2026 authorization act.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to carry out military construction projects and acquire real property at various installations inside and outside the United States.

Extends the authorization for various Navy military construction projects from fiscal years 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 until October 1, 2025, or the enactment of the FY2026 authorization act.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Air Force to carry out military construction projects and acquire real property at various installations inside and outside the United States.

Extends the authorization for various Air Force military construction projects from fiscal years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 until October 1, 2025, or the enactment of the FY2026 authorization act.

Extends the authorization for various military construction projects from fiscal years 2018 through 2022, allowing them to remain in effect until October 1, 2025, or later.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to acquire real property and carry out military construction projects for various Defense Agencies at specified locations inside and outside the United States.

Allows up to 50% of unspent NATO Security Investment Program funds to be carried over to the next fiscal year if new funds have not been authorized, ensuring program continuity.

Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to accept military construction projects funded by the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Poland as in-kind contributions, per existing agreements.

Authorizes the Secretary of the Army to acquire real property and carry out military construction projects for the Army National Guard and Army Reserve at various locations across the United States.

Authorizes appropriations for fiscal years after September 30, 2024, for construction, land acquisition, and related services for the Guard and Reserve Forces.

Extends the effective period for various military construction project authorizations from fiscal years 2018, 2020, 2021, and 2022 until at least October 1, 2025.

Modifies a fiscal year 2022 authorization, allowing the Army to construct the National Guard Readiness Center in Lyndon, Vermont, instead of Bennington, Vermont.

Authorizes appropriations for fiscal years after September 30, 2024, for base realignment and closure activities funded through the Department of Defense Base Closure Account.

Expands the definition of unspecified minor military construction projects to include land acquisition and temporarily increases the Army's authority to purchase land for equine welfare.

Increases the cost limit for unspecified minor military construction projects supporting Indo-Pacific posture from $15,000,000 to $30,000,000 and expands land acquisition authority.

Extends the prohibition on the joint use of Homestead Air Reserve Base, Florida, with civil aviation from September 30, 2026, to September 30, 2028.

Requires the Secretary of the Navy to develop and report on a plan for the repair or replacement of facilities at Naval Air Station Pensacola damaged by Hurricane Sally.

Mandates each military Secretary to develop a strategy for demolishing non-operational, underutilized, or poor-condition facilities and to assess the historical significance of older buildings.

Applies specific authorities and standards under the National Historic Preservation Act to Army military family housing from the Capehart, Wherry, and Vietnam War eras.

Expands the DoD housing complaint database to cover all family housing, unaccompanied housing, and barracks. Requires a temporary annual report summarizing complaints and actions taken.

Mandates the creation of a digital system for residents of covered military unaccompanied housing to submit maintenance work order requests.

Requires each military department to implement a digital system to track facility conditions, plan maintenance, and generate comprehensive reports on military installations.

Mandates an independent assessment by a federally funded research center comparing the 20-year costs of building new military housing versus modifying policies to allow more personnel to live off-base.

Requires each military department, beginning in fiscal year 2027, to invest a minimum percentage of the cumulative plant replacement value into facilities sustainment, restoration, and modernization.

Creates a pilot program using minor military construction funds to optimize and consolidate Department of Defense facilities, aiming to improve health and resiliency in defense communities.

Mandates the Secretary of Defense to issue guidance requiring that any increase in the square footage of Department of Defense facilities is offset by an equivalent reduction.

Requires the DoD Test Resource Management Center to consider installation infrastructure and treats infrastructure on Kwajalein Atoll as part of the Army's test facility base until October 1, 2030.

Authorizes military departments to provide grants, cooperative agreements, and other assistance to regulatory agencies in Guam to expedite military construction projects.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to report on policies, costs, and safety efforts related to munitions and explosives of concern for construction projects in Joint Region Marianas.

Mandates a review by a federally funded research center of the roles and responsibilities for executing DOD construction projects, with a report to Congress due by February 1, 2026.

Directs the Secretary of the Navy to update policies for cost analysis, risk assessment, and scheduling for projects under the Shipyard Infrastructure Optimization Program.

Requires the Secretary of Defense to designate officials to coordinate infrastructure projects supporting military members and families in Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

Amends the National Nuclear Security Administration Act and Atomic Energy Defense Act to update mission statements, management processes, and policies related to the nuclear weapons stockpile.

Prohibits citizens or agents of China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran from entering non-public areas of national security labs and nuclear facilities, with a waiver process.

Authorizes the Secretary of Energy to carry out efforts required to modify or develop the B61-13 nuclear weapon.

Prohibits using funds for R&D of low-enriched uranium naval nuclear fuel until the Secretaries of Energy, Defense, and Navy submit specific determinations to Congress.

Prohibits using funds to reconvert or retire W76-2 warheads unless the Administrator for Nuclear Security certifies that Russia and China lack similar capabilities and there is no military requirement.

Requires the Secretary of Energy to assess potential locations for a domestic uranium enrichment facility and report the findings, including a preferred location, to Congress.

Requires the Administrator for Nuclear Security to submit an annual briefing to Congress until 2030 on activities under the U.S.-U.K. Mutual Defense Agreement.

Extends the Maritime Security Program through 2040 and increases the annual payment amounts for participating vessels in future fiscal years.

Requires the Secretary of Transportation to submit reports to Congress assessing U.S. maritime infrastructure, sealift capability, and arrangements with treaty allies.

Extends the Tanker Security Fleet program through 2040 and increases the annual payment amounts and authorized appropriations for the program.

Directs the Secretary of Transportation to complete the design of a new sealift vessel and enter into an agreement for the construction of up to ten such vessels.

Requires the Department of State to consult with European governments to develop coordinated plans for sanctions against the PRC if it takes hostile action against Taiwan.

Authorizes appropriations for fiscal year 2025 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the U.S. Government.

Allows the Commandant of the Coast Guard to use up to 1% of National Intelligence Program funds for confidential, extraordinary, or emergency intelligence activities, accounted for by certification.

Extends the requirement for an annual report on U.S. strikes against terrorist targets outside areas of active hostilities from 2022 until 2027.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to report to Congress on how civilian harm during counterterrorism operations is factored into intelligence analyses of mission success.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to report to Congress on instances of the Russian Federation providing support to terrorist organizations or for acts of international terrorism.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to submit an assessment on the likely course of the war in Ukraine through the end of 2025, considering various U.S. assistance scenarios.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense to jointly establish a working group to identify and share tactical and operational intelligence lessons from the Ukraine conflict.

Requires the Department of Energy to create a policy for assessing counterintelligence risks posed by visitors from countries of risk like China and Russia to National Laboratories.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to submit assessments to Congress on lessons learned from the Israel-Hamas war, including warfare advances, maritime attacks, and intelligence failures.

Mandates the Director of National Intelligence to assess the economic and security relationships of Venezuela's Maduro regime with foreign terrorist organizations and state sponsors of terrorism.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to update a previous report on Iranian expenditures that support foreign military and terrorist activities.

Directs the Director of National Intelligence to develop a strategy to address national security threats related to biotechnologies, including countering foreign adversary efforts and securing U.S. supply chains.

Amends the National Security Act to expand the mission of the National Counterproliferation and Biosecurity Center, enhancing its role in coordinating intelligence on biosecurity and foreign biological threats.

Requires the Director of National Intelligence to assess how to standardize the intelligence community's use of biological data to better detect threats from foreign adversaries.

Directs the National Security Agency to establish an Artificial Intelligence Security Center to develop guidance and promote secure AI adoption for national security systems.

Requires intelligence agencies to notify Congress before transferring capabilities from a controlled access program, with exceptions for urgent counterintelligence needs or organizational restructuring.

Directs the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency to submit a plan for staffing every authorized civilian position in the Directorate of Operations by September 30, 2025.

Raises the cost thresholds for when intelligence agencies must notify Congress about new construction or major repairs of facilities, increasing the new construction limit from $6 million to $9 million.

Extends the authority for security review committees for facilities in Afghanistan and applies it to facilities in Ukraine through September 30, 2026.