Cosmetic Supply Chain Act (H.R. 4434)

Summary

Makes cosmetic supply chains more open by requiring suppliers to share safety and ingredient information and creating an FDA list of harmful chemicals.

What problem does this solve?

Cosmetic companies often don't know all the chemicals in the ingredients they buy, which can put consumers at risk. This bill forces suppliers to share safety data and test for harmful substances identified by the FDA.

What does this bill do?

Requires suppliers to disclose ingredient information

Forces suppliers of cosmetic ingredients to provide brand owners with detailed safety information, a full list of ingredients (including in fragrances), and other data upon request within 90 days.

Creates an FDA list of harmful chemicals

Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to create, maintain, and annually update a public list of harmful chemicals that are known or expected to be present in cosmetics.

Mandates testing for harmful chemicals

Requires suppliers to test their ingredients for any harmful chemical on the new FDA list and provide a certificate of analysis to the brand owner before a sale.

Protects strong state laws

Ensures that this federal law does not prevent states from creating or enforcing their own, stronger laws related to cosmetic ingredient disclosure and safety.

Establishes a public petition process

Allows any person to petition the FDA to add a new harmful chemical or a new list of chemicals to the official list, with a required public comment period and a 90-day decision deadline.

Requires supply chain recordkeeping

Mandates that all companies in a cosmetic's supply chain keep records of their suppliers and customers, and provide this information to the FDA if a product is believed to be unsafe.

Creates an advisory committee

Forms a temporary advisory committee with equal representation from industry, nonprofits, scientists, and public health experts to help create the initial list of harmful chemicals.

Sets civil penalties for violations

Imposes a civil penalty of up to $10,000 for each day a company violates the new disclosure, testing, or recordkeeping rules.

Who does this affect?

Cosmetic companies (suppliers and brand owners)
Consumers of cosmetic products

What is the real world impact?

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Increases consumer safety

Empowers cosmetic brands to make safer products by giving them full knowledge of the ingredients they use. This helps prevent harmful chemicals from ending up in products people use daily.

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Strengthens state-level regulations

Ensures that federal rules do not weaken or override stronger state laws that provide greater consumer protection and ingredient transparency.

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Increases costs for suppliers

Imposes new testing and disclosure requirements on ingredient suppliers, which could increase their operational costs. These costs may be passed on to brand owners and, ultimately, to consumers through higher product prices.

When does this start?

The bill sets several deadlines for the FDA and cosmetic suppliers that begin after the bill becomes law.

Advisory committee formation

The Secretary must create an advisory committee within 9 months of the bill becoming law.

Initial harmful substance list

The FDA must publish its first list of harmful nonfunctional constituents within 18 months of the bill becoming law.

Supplier testing deadline

Suppliers must begin testing for a harmful substance within 1 year after it is added to the FDA's list.

Public petition process

The FDA must create a process for the public to petition for adding new chemicals to the list within 24 months of the bill becoming law.

Cosmetic Supply Chain Transparency Act of 2025