Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA, and Related Agency Appropriations Act, 2027
May 1, 2026
May 1, 2026
Full breakdown available
This pages provides a high-level overview of this bill. For full list of provisions, line-item appropriations, and specific funding allocations, please view our detailed breakdown.
Summary
Sets the yearly budget for food, farming, rural development, and food safety programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2027.
What problem does this solve?
Each year, federal agencies related to agriculture, food, and rural development need money to operate and serve the public. This bill provides the necessary funding for these agencies to continue their work for the 2027 fiscal year.
What does this bill do?
Protects individuals and groups based on religious beliefs about marriage
Prohibits the use of federal funds to take any 'discriminatory action' against a person or group based on the belief that marriage is a union of one man and one woman. This includes actions related to taxes, grants, contracts, and licenses.
Adds Secretary of Agriculture to foreign investment reviews
Requires the Secretary of Agriculture to be included in reviews by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) for any transaction involving agricultural land, biotechnology, or the agriculture industry.
Overhauls federal regulation of animal food
Establishes a new national framework for animal food labeling, ingredients, and marketing claims. This change prevents states from creating their own different rules and sets new standards for what is considered safe.
Targets illegal e-cigarette sales
Directs at least $200 million from tobacco user fees to the FDA for enforcement against illegal e-cigarettes and vapes. It also creates a federal task force to target the illegal import and sale of these products.
Blocks rules for poultry and livestock markets
Prohibits the USDA from using any funds to implement or enforce several final and proposed rules related to the Packers and Stockyards Act, which were intended to increase transparency and competition in poultry and livestock contracting.
Delays FDA food traceability rule
Prevents the FDA from enforcing its food traceability rule, which requires detailed record-keeping for certain foods, until July 20, 2028. It also directs the FDA to identify more flexible ways for businesses to comply.
Prohibits horse meat inspections
Bans the use of federal funds to pay for the inspection of horses intended for human consumption. This effectively prevents horse slaughterhouses from operating in the United States.
Requires peanut products in WIC food packages for infants
Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to amend the WIC program to include peanut-containing foods for infants. This is intended to help prevent peanut allergies through early introduction.
Bans poultry and seafood from China in school meals
Prohibits schools from using federal funds to buy raw or processed poultry products or seafood imported from the People's Republic of China for school meal programs.
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Special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children (wic)
Increases WIC fruit and vegetable benefit
Requires the cash-value voucher for fruits and vegetables in the WIC program to be set at a higher amount, continuing an increase from previous years to help families buy more healthy produce.
Funds rural broadband pilot program
Provides $40 million to continue a pilot program for broadband loans and grants in rural areas. The program prioritizes areas that lack internet speeds of at least 25 megabits per second downstream and 3 megabits per second upstream.
Provides over $101 billion for SNAP
Appropriates $101.2 billion for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to provide food assistance to low-income individuals and families.
Requires 'genetically engineered' label for certain animal products
Mandates that the market name of any engineered animal approved before February 19, 2019, must include the words 'genetically engineered' before its existing name.
Who does this affect?
- Farmers and ranchers
- Low-income families and individuals
- Rural communities
What is the real world impact?
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Funds essential government services
Provides the necessary annual funding for a wide range of government programs, including food safety inspections, farm support, nutrition assistance for low-income families, and rural infrastructure development, ensuring these services continue without interruption.
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Directs agency policy through funding
Uses funding restrictions, known as policy riders, to control how agencies can act. For example, it blocks the USDA from enforcing certain rules on livestock and poultry markets and prevents the FDA from implementing specific food safety and sodium reduction guidelines.
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Addresses emerging public health issues
Directs significant funding and creates a multi-agency task force to crack down on the illegal manufacturing and sale of e-cigarettes and vaping products, responding to public concern over youth vaping.
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Increases oversight of foreign investment in agriculture
Adds the Secretary of Agriculture to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) for deals involving farmland or the agriculture industry. This change aims to better protect the nation's food supply and agricultural assets from potential national security threats.
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Blocks regulations opposed by industry groups
Prevents several federal agencies from implementing or enforcing rules that certain industries oppose. This includes halting USDA rules intended to increase competition in poultry and livestock markets and delaying an FDA food traceability rule, which critics might see as prioritizing industry interests over consumer protection or fair competition.
When does this start?
The funds provided are for the fiscal year that ends on September 30, 2027, unless the bill states otherwise for a specific program.
Update to E-Cigarette Enforcement Priorities
The Commissioner of Food and Drugs must update the FDA's enforcement priorities for e-cigarettes and other vaping products by November 12, 2026.
New Regulations for Animal Food
The FDA must issue proposed regulations for new animal food rules within two years of the bill's enactment and finalize them within three years.
Delayed Enforcement of Food Traceability Rule
The FDA is prohibited from enforcing its food traceability rule before July 20, 2028.